Hello. This time, we will prove the central limit theorem using the random walk. From below, every integral is computed for every variable and the range is from
General 1D random walk
Probability distribution
The setting of the problem is the same as before. This time, we are going to find the probability density function
To compute this, we should follow the following steps.
1. Compute the probability of 1st displacement is
2. For every tuple
Number 1 is easy: we just multiply the probabilities.
For number 2, we perform the following integral.
This integral is hard to compute since there is a restriction on the region. To calculate, we use the Dirac delta function trick.
We must be careful since the integral about
Here,
For large
Let's think about large
When
Thus, substituting this into Eq. (5) gives
Here,
Therefore, for large
Now, we reviewed the fundamentals of statistics, so next time, we will be into the story of thermal and statistical physics.
References and further readings
F. Reif, "Fundamentals of Statistical and Thermal Physics", Chapter 1.10 ~ 1.11
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Random_walk
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Central_limit_theorem
Written by 심심한 대학원생
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